火星探测的微波遥感技术

Overview of the Advance for Mars Exploration Using Microwave Remote Sensing

从微波遥感的角度出发,综述目前国际上对火星的探测现状,列出对微波遥感探测有影响的火星表层土壤、岩层的结构、分布及其介电特性等参数的已有研究结果,分析对火星地壳表层水(或冰)存在可能性及其分布状态的研究动向.结合地球表面微波遥感技术的最新进展,提出用主动与被动微波遥感探测火星表面浅层土壤物质状态和分层结构的可行性分析,初步研讨了火星表层是否有水(或冰)存在的探测方案.

Exploration of Mars and other planets is a great mission in development of space remote sensing and deep space exploration. A brief review of the Mars exploration, e.g. available research results such as the distribution, structure and dielectric properties of Martian subsurface layers and the possibility of water existence etc., is presented. Microwave remote sensing technology shows great potential in future Mars exploration mission. Based on the advancement of both active and passive remote sensing in Earth science, some approaches to explore Martian regolith layers and possible detection of water existence in Martian subsurface layers are proposed. Scattering model of inhomogeneous media with rough interfaces for Mars exploration, imaging mechanism and numerical simulation are developed. The Mueller matrix solution of inhomogeneous media under pulse incidence are numerically simulated to illustrate funtional dependence on the planet characteristic parameters. Microwave radiometry and multi-data fusion technolonogy for Mars exploration are also presented. Some examples and technical key points are discussed.