文学形象的叙事翻译和语用翻译

Narrative and Pragmatic Translation of Literary Image

翻译的首要标准是"忠实",即对原来文本意义的准确理解和用新文本作准确再现。然而,文本的意义受作者、文化系统、读者等多方面的制约,具有自身的语义不确定性和理解上的多重含义性。本文以人物形象,包括动作、对话和人物心理活动描写几方面的具体实例探讨了在文学作品翻译中叙事学理论和语用学理论如何使译文与原文达到语用等效。作者认为,在翻译过程中,译者首先必须对特定语境中的意义进行分析,确定有关成分的意义,并以不同的视角对意义的特征进行分析,然后准确恰当地译成目标语,达到与原文的动态等效。

The most important criterion for translation is fidelity, that is, the accurate representation in a new code based on accurate understanding of the source text. However, the meaning of a text is subject to the mixed functions of the writer, the reader,and their cultures. Therefore, it is usually uncertain in itself and be comprehended differently. This paper focuses on how narrative and pragmatic theories are used to make versions equivalent to its original in translating literary works, based on some concrete examples, such as characters＇ images, including their actions and dialogues, and their mental activities. It argues that in the process of translation, translators must analyze the meaning in particular contexts, confirm the meaning of related elements, with an analysis of its characteristics from different perspectives, and then correctly translate it into target language with dynamic equivalence to its original.