国际技术扩散、自主创新与我国工业技术进步

International Technology Diffusion,Independent Innovation and Technology Progress in Domestic Manufacturing

本文利用我国行业层面的面板数据,比较分析了国际技术扩散和自主创新对我国内资部门技术进步的影响。通过比较研究技术引进、外国直接投资和自主创新对我国内资工业部门劳动生产率和经济增长的影响,得到以下结论:自主创新对内资部门的劳动生产率和经济增长都有显著的正面效应;技术引进对内资部门的经济增长有显著的正面效应,但对劳动生产率的提高没有显著影响;外国直接投资促进了内资工业部门的劳动生产率提高和经济增长,但并非由于技术外溢,而是由于市场竞争等其他效应;外国直接投资对内资部门的自主创新有着显著的抑制作用;此外,本文从实证结果判断,我国引进的技术主要是适宜技术。

By using the industrial panel data and comparing the effects of technology progress, FDI and independent innovation on labor productivity and economic growth in domestic manufacturing in China, this paper draws the following conclusions. First, independent innovation has positive effect on labor productivity and economic growth significantly. Second, technology import has positive effect on economic growth distinctly but not on labor productivity. Third, besides raising the labor productivity, FDI had positive effect on economic growth notably which is not because of technological diffusion effect but others such as market competition. Fourth, there exists a marked adverse diffusion effect and FDI have restrained independent innovation. In addition, the technology import is proved to be appropriate technology mainly.