行业协会的目标置换倾向及其原因分析

Replacement of Goals of Trade Associations and Its Causes

当前我国行业协会在发展过程中出现的三种目标置换倾向——行政化、营利化和垄断化,弱化了行业协会为所有会员服务的组织目标。官办行业协会由于在人员构成、资源来源和合法性上过多地受制于政府,因此难免出现行政化的倾向;营利化倾向的出现主要是由于协会资金短缺和专职工作人员谋求私利造成的;加入协会和创建协会的制度限制以及按企业实力筹资的方式导致了大企业对行业协会的垄断倾向。对行业协会的目标置换的分析除了具有促进行业协会健康发展的实际意义以外,还有助于深化对组织目标置换的理论研究。

This Paper explores three kinds of replacement phenomena of goals of trade associations in current China： bureaucratization, profit-seeking, and monopolization. These tendencies have weakened organizational goals which trade associations ought to pursue. Official trade associations are inevitable in bureaucratization, because their personnel, resources and legitimacy are much depended on the government. Because of lack of funds and pursuit of self-interest by full-time officials, the tendency of profit-seeking emerges in some trade associations. Due to the constraints to entering and instituting associations and gathering money according to the power of firms, it results in the monopolization of some big firms over trade associations. The research not only helps promote the sound development of trade associations, but also deepens the theories about the replacement of organizational goals.