小儿轮状病毒肠炎176例临床特点分析

Clinical manifestations of 176 infants with rotavirus enteritis

目的提高对小儿轮状病毒肠炎的临床认识，为防治轮状病毒肠炎提供依据。方法对本院儿科2005年10月至2007年9月收治的急性轮状病毒肠炎176例进行回顾性分析。结果婴儿轮状病毒肠炎不同喂养方式的脱水程度比较，人工喂养组与母乳喂养组差异有极显著性（P〈0．01），与混合喂养组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。0—12月组和13～24月组患儿脱水程度、代谢性酸中毒比较差异均有显著性（P〈0．05）。本文患儿等渗性脱水127例，低渗性脱水38例，高渗性脱水11例，轻度与中～重度脱水组发生低血钠的分别为14例（15．1％）、24例（28．9％），两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论母乳喂养可减轻婴幼儿轮状病毒肠炎的病情。婴儿脱水程度重，代谢性酸中毒的发病率高。轮状病毒肠炎以等渗性脱水为主，但是随着脱水程度的加重，低渗性脱水的发患者数明显增高。

Objective To improve the clinical understanding of rotavirus gastroenteritis（RV ） and provide evidences for prevention and therapy of the disease in children. Methods From October 2005 to September 2007 data of 176 patients with acute rotavirus gastroenteritis in our paediatric department were analyzed retrospectively. Results Comparing the exent of dehydration with the feeding pattern in infant with RV under one years old,there was significant difference between the artificial feeding group and the breast feeding group （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Same to the mixed-feeding group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Comparing the degree of dehydration and metabolic acidosis, the difference between 0-12 months group and 13-24 months group was also significant （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Ihe number of patients with isoosmotic, hypoosmotic, hyperosmotic dehydration was 127,38 and 11 respectively. The number of patients with hyponatremia in mild dehydration group and moderate to severe dehydration group was 14 （ 15. 1% ） and 24 （28. 9% ） respectively. The difference between them was significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Breast feeding can relieve the condition of infant with RV. The incidence of metabolic acidosis was high in infant with serious dehydration. Infants with RV usually got iso-osmotic dehydration. If the dehydration aggravated,the number of hypoosmotic dehydration was apparently increased.