德语叙事理论中的叙述人

The Narrator in German Narrative Theories

所有的叙事作品都有一个叙述人,有一个叙述人在读者和故事之间发挥作用,这是叙事作品的文类特征。传统上叙述人往往被等同于作者,建构论意义观确立之后,文学语言本身的建构或读者对文学对象的建构受到重视,文本同作者的关系便分离开来。文本内的叙述人不等于文本外的历史作者,已成为广泛的共识。但是,叙述人与作者之间究竟是怎样的关系?20世纪50年代,德语叙事批评界就此展开了激烈的争论,并出现了"小说精神"、"叙述功能"等概念。本文旨在对德语叙事批评中的叙述人概念进行辨析。

All the narrative works have narrators, who mediate between readers and stories. This is the characteristic of the narrative works. Where traditional narrator identifies with the writer outside the text, the narrator in narratology is separated from the author after the constructiveness of meaning. The constructiveness of language and reader is highlighted. However, what is the relationship between narrator and writer？ The German narrative criticism debated fiercely about it in the 1950s, and terms such as ＂the spirit of novel＂, ＂function of narration＂ came out. This article purports to analyze the term of the narrator in the German narrative criticism.