论印度核战略的战略文化根源

On the Root of India's Nuclear Strategy: an Analysis from Strategic Culture

本文运用战略文化这一视角来分析印度核战略的国内根源。印度的战略文化以新德里为中心,在相当长一段时间内它是以贾瓦哈拉尔·尼赫鲁的安全观及世界观为主导的尼赫鲁主义,此后随着尼赫鲁思想一统天下的局面逐渐被打破,印度的战略文化经历了一个不断变革的过程。印度的核战略与印度战略文化之间存在很强的相关性:在相当长一段时间内,由于尼赫鲁主义的强大影响,印度在发展核武器的问题上表现克制,其通向核武器化的道路因此特别漫长;尼赫鲁主义主导地位的动摇是印度走上核武器化道路的前提;以印度人民党战略精英为代表的新的战略观是印度走向核威慑的关键原因。

From the strategic culture perspective, this paper focuses on the root of India＇ s nuclear strategy. During a fairly long period of time, India＇s strategic culture, centering on New Delhi, is dominated by Jawaharlal Nehru＇ s concept of security and his view of the world. However, with the collapse of the domination of Nehruism, India＇s strategic culture has gone through a process of constant revolution. There is a strong correlation between India＇ s nuclear strategy and India＇ s strategic culture： for a long period of time, due to the powerful influence of Nehruism, India shows great restraint on the issue of developing nuclear weapons, therefore its road towards nuclear weaponization was particularly long; the shaking of the dominant position of Nehruism was the prerequisite for India＇ s going to nuclear weaponization; the new strategic concept, represented by the strategic elites, is the key reason why India chooses nuclear deterrence.