贵州野生春兰遗传多样性的RAPD分析

Genetic Diversity of the Wild Cymbidium goeringii (Orchidaceae) Populations from Guizhou as Revealed by RAPD Markers

采用RAPD标记对贵州及周边分布的野生春兰遗传多样性进行分析。结果表明：筛选的48个引物共扩增了324条600～2000bp带,其中201条（62.0%）显示多态性,RAPD标记可以有效地用于春兰野生资源遗传多样性评价;原产于贵州不同居群间样品的遗传差异性较大,多态性百分率为36.8%（荔波样品）～69.8%（黎平样品）,高于60%的样品占全部贵州样品的1/3,分布于全省5个地州市;聚类分析显示,样品的聚类具有很强的地域性,特别是贵州样品表现更为明显,来自川西的样品和黔北、黔东北的样品具有很高的同源性。

Cymbidium goeringii （Orchidaceae） germplasm demonstrates high morphological diversity in Guizhou Province of China. To satisfy the protection of the wild germplam, the genetic diversity of 65 accessions,among which 47 derived from Guizhou,was evaluated using RAPD markers yielded from 48 selected arbitrary primers in the present work. With these primers, 324 discernible RAPD markers ranging from 600 bp to 2 000 bp were scored,among which 201 （62.0%） were polymorphic. Accessions originated from Guizhou considerably demonstrated high genetic diversity, and the percentage of polymorphic band （PPB） varied from 36.8% （Libo accession） to 69.8% （Liping accession）. About one third of accessions,which were from the five prefectures of Guizhou,gave the PPB higher than 60%. Dendrogram based on genetic distance indicated that the cluster of most accessions were moderately consistent with their originated regions, especially that from Guizhou. High relatedness was investigated between the accessions from west Sichuan and that from north and northeast Guizhou. Additionally,the genesis of genetic diversity among the tested accession was also discussed in the text.