基于COⅡ和EF-1α基因部分序列的中国蝶类科间系统发生关系

Phylogenetic analysis of butterflies at the family-level (Lepidoptera:Rhopalocera) based on partial COⅡand EF-1α gene sequences

为了探讨中国蝶类科间系统发生关系,本文对细胞色素氧化酶Ⅱ(COⅡ)的部分序列(620bp)和延伸因子基因(EF-1α)部分序列(595bp)进行了分析(共1215bp)。其中有464个变异位点,330个简约信息位点。COⅡ基因部分序列表现出明显的A+T含量(76.3%)偏高。分别采用最大简约法(Maximum Parsimony,MP)、最大似然法(Maximum Likelihood,ML)和贝叶斯推论法(Bayesian Inference,BI)重建了分子系统树。结果表明:弄蝶科、凤蝶科、粉蝶科、灰蝶科能够单独成一支,其中弄蝶科位于系统树的基部,分化较早,是较原始的类群,与传统的形态分类结果是相一致的;粉蝶科与凤蝶科的亲缘关系较近;蚬蝶科倾向与灰蝶科有较近的亲缘关系,且蚬蝶科种群始终聚为一支,显示了该科是一个单系群,从单系性方面来看,本文支持将蚬蝶科作为一个独立的科;此外,本文结果表明,中国分布的蛱蝶总科是一单系群,并且它与灰蝶科和蚬蝶科聚成的一支是姐妹群关系。

An assessment of phylogenetic relationships at the familial level was carriedout for butterflies, using partial EF-1α （about 595 bp） and CO Ⅱ （about 620 bp） gene sequences. There were 464 variation sites, 330 parsimony-informative sites, and a 76.3 % A ＋ T bias in 1215 bp nucleotides of the combining sequence of the EF-1α and CO Ⅱ . Molecular phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using Maximum Parsimony （MP）, Maximum Likelihood （ML） and Bayesian Inference （BI） methods. The molecular phylogenetic trees confirm that Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae are monophyletic clades. The family of Hesperiidae is at the bottom of topological structure, which is differentiated earlier from other families, so it is a primordial clade, and the result is similar to its classification based on traditional morphology. The position of the Pieridae as the sister taxon to Papilionidae. Lycaenidae and Riodinidae are sister groups is strongly supported by our data. We suggest that the latter be given family rank from monophyly. In addition, results showed that Nymphalidea in China is monophylactic and a sister group to Lycaenidae and Riodinidae