长沙市超市蔬菜硝酸盐含量及污染状况评价

Evaluation on Status Quos of Nitrate Pollution and the Contents of Nitrate in Vegetable Crops in the Supermarkets of Changsha

超市已成为城市中较为重要的蔬菜销售场所,为全面了解超市蔬菜硝酸盐污染状况,保护人体健康,通过定期随机取样方法,对长沙市4大超市春夏季不同种类蔬菜硝酸盐的含量进行了测定分析。结果表明,所调查的7类蔬菜237个样品中,硝酸盐的含量以白菜类蔬菜最高,平均含量为3 130 mg/kg;其次是绿叶类和根菜类,平均含量分别是1 996 mg/kg和1 682 mg/kg;而葱蒜类和其它蔬菜（瓜类、豆类、茄果类）最低,平均含量分别为786 mg/kg和398 mg/kg。蔬菜硝酸盐污染达严重至高度污染水平的超标率,白菜类、绿叶类、根菜类和葱蒜类蔬菜分别为58%-96%,16%-63%,0%-72%、0%-15%;而瓜类、豆类、茄果类蔬菜硝酸盐的污染较轻,达一级污染水平的仅占40%。

The contents of nitrate in 7 kinds of vegetables were investigated in 4 supermarkets of Changsha. The results indicated that the order of the nitrate average contents was Chinese cabbages （3 130 mg/kg） 〉 green leaf vegetables （1 996 mg/kg） 〉 root vegetables （1 682 mg/kg） 〉 Chinese chives （786 mg/kg） 〉 gourd vegetables, bean vegetables and solanaeeous fruits （398 mg/ kg） in 237 samples. The degree of nitrate pollution reached serious lever or high lever for Chinese cabbage 58% - 96%, green leaf vegetables 16% - 63%, root vegetables 0 - 72% and Chinese chives 0 - 15%, however, the nitrate pollution of gourd vegetables, bean vegetables and solanaeeous fruits was less, only 40% reached first grade.