1St-Pierre N R, Cobanov B, Schnitkey G. Economic losses from heat stress by US livestock industries [J]. J Dairy Sci, 2003, 86: E52-E77.
2Blackshaw J K, Blackshaw A W. Heat stress in cattle and the effect of shade on production and behaviour: a review [J]. Aust J Exp Agr, 1994, 34(2):285-295.
3Koknaroglu H, Otles Z, Mader T, et ol. Environmental factors affecting feed intake of steers in different housing systems in the summer[J]. Int J Biometeorol, 2008, 52 (6):419-429.
4Hahn G L. Dynamic responses of cattle to thermal heatloads[J]. J Anim Sci, 1999, 77:10-20.
5王聪.肉牛饲养手册[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2006.
6Mader T L, Davis M S, Brown-Brandl T M. Environmental factors influencing heat stress in feedlot cattle[J]. J Anim Sci, 2006, 84:712-719.
