贫困与自尊的交互作用对大学生心理健康的影响

Interaction of poverty and self-esteem on undergraduate mental health

目的:了解贫困大学生自尊水平以及贫困与自尊的交互作用对心理健康状况的影响。方法:采用包括90项自评症状量表(SCL-90)、自尊量表(SES)以及个人基本信息调查的问卷对某医科大学846名本科生进行测查。结果:非贫困生、贫困生的自尊量表得分的均分分别为30.44±4.02、29.76±4.04,贫困生自尊水平低于非贫困生(P<0.05);大学生的贫困因素与自尊水平对心理健康状况的影响存在交互作用(P<0.05),自尊水平越高,SCL-90得分越低,中等自尊水平贫困生的SCL-90得分高于非贫困生(P<0.05),高、低自尊水平的贫困生与非贫困生的SCL-90得分差异无显著性。结论:自尊水平越高,心理健康状况越好,中等自尊水平的贫困生的心理健康水平低于非贫困生。在贫困生的心理健康教育与咨询工作中,应当针对其自尊进行辅导,以达到提高其心理健康水平的目的。

Objective To understand the impoverished college students＇ self-esteem level and the interaction of poverty and self-esteem on their mental health. Method Eight hundred and forty-six students of a medical university in Guangzhou were evaluated with Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90）, Self-Esteem Scale （SES） and personal basic information questionnaire. Results The score of SES of non-impoverished students and impoverished students were 29.76 ± 4.04 and 30.44 ± 4.02, respectively. There was the interactive effects of poverty and （or） self-esteem on the mental health of college students. The higher self-esteem level, the lower SCL-90 scores. The SCL-90 scores of impoverished students in middle self-esteem group was higher than that in the non-impoverished （P 〈 0.05）, and there was no significant difference between the high and the low self-esteem level groups. Conclusions The higher is the level of self-esteem, the better is the mental health status. The mental health level of impoverished students in the middle self-esteem group is lower than that in the non-impoverished. So in the mental health education and counseling work, we should focus on the training or giving guidance of their self-esteem to achieve the purpose of raising the level of mental health.