国民经济恢复时期对资本主义经济的政策

Policies Towards Capitalist Economies in the Rehabilitation Period of China's National Economy

1949～1952年国民经济恢复时期,中国大陆存在四种资本主义经济,即官僚资本经济、外国资本主义经济、私人资本主义经济和国家资本主义经济。由于这四种资本主义经济对生产力和社会发展所起的作用不同,中国共产党对它们采取不同的政策:没收官僚资本;监督、利用到军管、征用、代管、转让外资企业;利用、限制私人资本主义经济;发展国家资本主义经济使之成为新民主主义经济的重要组成部分。这些政策的实施不但妥善处理了资本主义经济问题,而且有利于新民主主义经济的发展,同时还为适时向社会主义过渡创造了必要的前提。

In the rehabilitation period of China's national economy from 1949 to 1952 there ex- isted four kinds of capitalist economies consisting of bureaucrat-capital economy,foreign capitalist economy,private capitalist economy and state capitalist economy.In view of different roles of the four capitalist economies in the productive forces and social development the CPC adopted different policies towards them:confiscating bureaucrat-capital;supervising,using,taking military control of,requisitioning,overseeing or assigning foreign businesses;utilizing and limiting private capitalist economy;and developing state capitalist economy and making it a vital part of new democratic econ- omy.The implementation of these policies properly handled these capitalist economies,helping the development of new democratic economy and creating necessary pre-conditions for the transition to socialism.