从对抗走向兼容——“人类中心主义”对“非人类中心主义”的兼容

From Conflict to Compatibility: the Compatibility of Anthropocentrism with Non-Anthropocentrism

在生态伦理学中,"人类中心主义"与"非人类中心主义"的争论一直是其热点问题,其争论的焦点主要在主体与客体的关系、伦理关系、价值关系三个层面上。本文主要以"人类中心主义"与"非人类中心主义"的内在关系演化为线索,在第一部分主要阐述两大派系在对抗阶段的主要观点及争论的焦点与实质;在第二部分阐述在变革阶段两大派系的新发展,从而为二者的兼容带来了希望;在第三部分兼容阶段在各自的局限性与合理性的基础上讨论"人类中心主义"对"非人类中心主义"兼容的必要性与可能性。

The paper mainly discusses the inner relation changes of anthropocentrism and non- anthropocentrism, In the first part, it expounds the focus and essential of the main viewpoints and their disputes between the two schools; in the second part, it expounds the new development in the reform stage and the possible compatibility of the two schools; in the third part, it discusses the necessity and possibility of the compatibility of the two schools based on respective limitation and rationality.