遭遇“边缘情境”——《黑暗的心》中的存在哲学

Confronted with "Boundary Situations"——On Existentialistic philosophy in Heart Darkness

存在、自我、自由,这些沉重的哲学问题历来容易遭受人们的刻意回避和冷落。然而,在存在主义者看来,一旦遭遇"边缘情境",即在生受到威胁,死将要降临之际,人们就会睁开双眼,重审自我,正视存在。《黑暗的心》中,康拉德似乎有意地把人物置放于"边缘情境"之中,通过他们对生与死的质疑和探索揭示了人们不愿审视的普遍生存状态以及寻求真我的艰辛。

People seem to have always consciously avoided talking about existence, self and freedom since these terms are so heavy philosophically. For existentialists, however, once being confronted with ＂boundary situations＂, man will be compelled to re-observe the world and re-consider his own existence. In his Heart of Darkness, through placing the main characters in ＂boundary situations＂, Joseph Conrad （1857 -1924） has explored the universal existence of human being.