Rho家族小GTP酶在黑素细胞树突形成和黏附中的作用

Regulation of Rho small GTPases on dendricity and cell adhension in melanocytes

黑素细胞通过其树突将合成的黑素转运至角质形成细胞,进而发挥生理功能。黑素细胞树突形成是黑素转运过程中的重要环节,黑素转运必须在黑素细胞和角质形成细胞紧密接触后才能实现。黑素细胞形态学改变包括胞体大小和树突变化等细胞骨架的改变,细胞骨架变化主要与肌动蛋白和微管结构的重排有关。Rho家族小GTP酶包括20种成员,其中RhoA,Rac1和Cdc42对黑素细胞细胞骨架的变化和细胞黏附的调节起重要作用。

Dendricity in normal human melanocytes is a fundamental requirement for melanosome transfer to keratinocytes, for which melanocyte-keratinocyte contact and adhension is a prerequisite. The morphological changes in melanocytes, including the size of melanocytes and elongation and retraction of dendrite tips, are associated with reorganization of actin filaments and microtubules. Rho small GT-Pases consist of 20 members, of which RhoA, Racl and Cdc42 take center stage. Many studies have shown that RhoA, Racl and Cdc42 play a critical role in the regulatory mechanism of actin cytoskeletal organization and cell-cell or cell-substratum adhension.