常见静脉注射剂渗透压考察

Investgation of Osmotic Pressure in Common Intravenous Injectable Preparations

目的考察并确定静脉注射剂适宜的渗透压范围,以保证临床用药安全、有效。方法采用冰点下降法测定注射剂的渗透压。结果共考察全国近30个省份、162家生产厂家、389批次的常用静脉注射剂,其中等渗溶液258批次(66.3%),高渗溶液131批次(33.7%)。结论静脉注射剂的渗透压必须与人体血浆渗透压基本保持一致,过高或过低都会对人体产生损害,所以控制注射剂(特别是体积大于100mL)的渗透压非常有必要。

Objective To investigate the suitable osmotic pressure in common clinical intravenous injections for ensuring the clinical application with seeurithy and efficiency. Methods The cryoscopic method was used to detect the osmotic pressure. Results The intravenous injectable preparations including nearly 30 provinces, 162 factories and 389 batches were investigated. Among them, 258 batches were iso-osmotic, accounting for 66. 3% and 131 batches were hyperosmotic, accounting for 33.7%. Conclusion The osmotic pressure of intravenous inectable preparations should maintain in accordance with huma plasma osmotic pressure. Too low or too high osmotic pressure would damage the human body. It is necessary to control the osmotic pressure of intravenous injectable preparations（especially for volume of over 100 mL）.