汉语准后缀的特征和判定

The Characteristics of the Quasi-suffixes of Chinese Language and Methods of Judgment

一般认为准后缀是正处于虚化过程中的词缀，但由于概念不够明确，准后缀与典型后缀、与实词之间界定不够清楚，导致实践中准后缀的判定不够统一。通过对汉语典型后缀、准后缀在类化、虚化、定位和语法化几方面的分析比较，可以看出，1）表义功能的强化与弱化是典型后缀与准后缀的主要区别；2）粘着性的差异构成准后缀内部各词缀的差异。

It is generally believed that quasi-suffixes are the affixes in the process of virtualization. Because of the inadequate concept, the definitions of quasi-suffixes with typical suffixes, and with the content words are not so clear that the judgment on the quasi-suffixes is not unified in practice. It is proved from the comparison of several aspects as the categorization, virtualization, orientation, and grammaticalization of the typical suffixes and the quasi-suffixes of Chinese language that 1） the predominant difference of the typical suffixes and the quasi-suffixes lies in the intensification or weakening of the ideographic function; 2） the differentia of the bond morphemes shapes the diversity of different words formed with such bond quasi-suffixes.