凝血素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体结构与动脉粥样硬化

Structure of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 and atherosclerosis

动脉粥样硬化(As)早期改变是内皮功能紊乱,新型受体—植物凝集素样氧化型低密度脂蛋白受体-1(LOX-1)在氧化低密度脂蛋白(OX-LDL)诱导的内皮功能紊乱过程中起关键性作用。LOX-1主要在内皮细胞表达,其结构和功能与其他可吞噬ox-LDL的清道夫受体显著不同,但与自然杀伤细胞受体却高度一致。目前对LOX-1基因和蛋白结构以及功能尚不完全清楚。因此,进一步研究LOX-1的功能及其表达的调控机制,不仅有助于了解脂代谢和As发病机制,对心血管病防治也有十分重要的意义。本文对LOX-1其结构、功能及其调控因素等最新研究进行综述。

Endothelial dysfunction is a very early step in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Oxidized low density lipoprotein （ox-LDL） is believed to be an important atherogenic component relevant to endothelial dysfunction. Lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 （LOX-1）, a novel receptor for ox-LDL, plays a key role in the progress. Sequence and structural analysis of LOX-1, which mainly expresses on the endothelial cell, has revealed that this receptor does not resemble any known scavenger receptor. In contrast, it shares significant identity to natural killer （NK） cell receptors. The structure and function of LOX-1 is still unclear. Further study about functions and regulation of LOX-1 is important, not only to provide deeper insight into the metabolism of lipid and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but also to develop novel antiatherosclerotic drugs. Thus, the progress about its structure, function and regulation was reviewed in this paper.