两种力量训练对膝关节伸屈肌力量平衡性影响的对比研究

Comparative research of two types of strength training methods on the ratio of hamstring to quadriceps femoris muscle strength

目的探讨10周渐进性气动变阻力量训练(PST)与传统力量训练(TST)对20￣45岁普通人群膝关节伸屈肌力比的影响。方法30名普通人群分为气动组(PST组)和传统组(TST组),分别利用不同的力量训练器械进行训练;训练前后测试实验对象膝关节最大等长伸屈膝力量。结果力量训练后,气动组静力性最大屈膝力矩与膝关节伸屈肌力比有显著提高;传统组膝关节伸屈肌力比显著降低;组间比较关节伸屈肌力比差异显著。结论40%￣90%1RM(1RM指最大能重复一次)负荷内,渐进性气动变阻力量训练能提高膝关节的伸屈肌力比,传统力量训练则更易提高肌肉的快速力量,两者有一定的互补作用。

Objectives the aim of the study is to compare the effects of strength training below maximal load for untrained men with pneumatic variable resistance machine （PST） to the effects of strength training with traditional weight and stack units （TST） on the ratio of hamstring to quadriceps femoris maximal isometric muscle strength. Methods 30 healthy men were attributed into two groups, PST group and TST group; they were required to perform 10 weeks progressive resistance strength training with different strength training apparatus separately. Maximal isometric extension and flexion strength at 120 knee angle were measured before and after the strength training. Results after the strength training, peak isometric torque of knee flexors at 120 knee angle （MVC120-F） and ratio of hamstring to quadriceps femoris maximal isometric torque at 120 knee angle （H/Q-120） increased significantly in PST group with the significant decrease of H/Q-120 in TST group. Significant difference of H/Q-120 was found between two groups. Conclusions training within 40-90%1RM load, PST take advantage of increasing the H/Q-120 than TST while TST takes advantage of increasing muscle speed strength than PST; all results indicate a complementary effect between two types of training methods.