1Packer M, Gheorghiade M, Young JB, et al. Withdrawal of digoxin from patients with chronic heart failure treated with angiotensin-converting -enzyme inhibitors. RADIANCE study [J]. N Engl J Med,1993,329(1) :1-7.
2Uretsky BF, Young JB, Shahidi FE, et al. Randomized study assessing the effect of digoxin withdrawal in patients with mild to moderate chronic congestive heart failure: resultes of PROVED trial. PROVED Investigative Group [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1993,22 (4) : 955-962.
3Anonymous. The Digitalis Investigation Group. The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure [J]. N Engl J Med,1997,336(8) :525-533.
5Slation MI, Irani WN, Hall SA, et al. Dose digoxin provide additional hemodynamic and autonomic benefit at higher doses in patients with mild to moderate heart failure and sinus rhythm? [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1997,29(6) : 1206-1213.
6Gheorghiade M, Hall VB,Jacobsen G,et al. Effects of increasing maintenance dose of digoxin on left ventricular function and neurohormones in patients with chronic heart failure treated with diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors [J]. Circulation, 1995,92 (7) : 1801-1807.
7Adams KF, Patterson JH, Gattis WA, et al. Relationship of serum digoxin concentration to mortality and morbidity in women in the digitalis investigation group trial: a retrospective analysis [J]. J Am Coll Cardiol,2005,46(3) :505-507.
2Slatton ML,Irani WN, Hall SA,et al. Does digoxin provide additional hemodynamic and autonomic benefit at higher doses in patients with mild to moderate heart failure in normal sinus rhythm [ J ]. Am J Coll Cardiol, 1997,29:1206.
3Gheorghiade M,Adams KJ, Colucci WS. Digoxin in th management of cardiovascular disorders [ J ]. Circulation, 2004,109:2959-2964.
4Saif SR, Jeptha PC, Yongfei W, et al. Association of serum digoxin concentration and outcomes in patients with heart failure[J]. JAMA,2003,289:871-878.
2Granger CB, McMurray JJ, Yusuf S, et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left - ventricular systolic function intolerant to angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitors: The Charra-altemativeTrial [J]. Lancet, 2003, 362: 772-776.
3Cohn JN, Tognoni G. A randomized trial of the angiotensin - receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failur [J]. N Engl J Med, 2001, 345 : 1667 - 1675.
4Pitt B, Zannad F, Renne WJ, et 81. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure [ J ]. N EnglJ Med, 1999, 341 (10): 709-717.
5Pitt B, Renne WJ, Zannad F, et al. Eplerenone, a selective aldo- sterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myo- cardial infarction [J]. N Engl J Med, 2003, 348 (14): 1309 - 1321.
6Zannad F, McMurray JJ, Krum H, et al. Eplerenone in patients with systolic heart failure and mild symptoms [J]. N Engl J Med, 2011, 364 (1): 11-21.
7Poole Wilson PA, Swedberg. K, Cldand JG, et al. Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial (COM- ET) : randomised controlled trial [J]. Lancet, 2003, 362:7 -13.
8McMurray J, Pitt B, Latini R, et al. Effects of the oral direct lenin inhibitor aliskiren in patients with symptomatic heart failure [ J]. Circ Heart Fail, 2008, 1: 17-24.
9Swedborg K, Komajda M, Bohm M, et 8.1. Ivabradine and outcomes in chronic heart failure (SHIFT) : a randomised placebo - controlled study [J]. lancet, 2010, 376 (9744): 875-885.