临床常见G^+致病菌的种类及耐药性的研究

Study on the Antimicrobial Resistance and Types of Clinical Common G^+ Pathogenic Bacteria

目的:调查我院常见G^+致病菌的种类及其对目前常用抗生素的耐药现状,为临床医生合理选用抗生素提供数据资料。方法:从3286个样本中分离到206株G^+致病菌,用全自动微生物分析仪-VITEK 32进行菌种鉴定及药敏实验。结果:206株G^+致病菌经鉴定属于6大类,其中金黄色葡萄球菌,74株,占35.9%;溶血葡萄球菌,47株,占22.8%;表皮葡萄球菌,47株,占22.8 %;肠球菌属,33株,占16.0%;肺炎链球菌,3株,占1.5%;β-溶血链球菌,2株,占1.0%。肺炎链球菌和β-溶血链球菌仅对检测的14种抗生素中的少数敏感。在对14种抗生素的耐药性实验中,药效普遍较差的抗生素为:青霉素、庆大霉素、苯唑西林。它们三者的平均药敏感率依次为:16.52%、18.42%和21.07%。结论:临床G^+致病菌的耐药性问题已非常严峻,合理的选择和使用抗生素已十分重要。

Objective： To investigate the variety of the common pathogenic bacteria G^＋ and the drug tolerance of the commonly used antibiotics at present in our hospital in order to provide the data resource for clinicians adopting antibiotics properly. Methods： 206 strains of the pathogenic bacteria G^＋ were segregated fi＇om 3286 samples, strains identifications and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were determinated by the automatic microbion analysator VITEK 32. 206 strains of pathogenic bacteria G^＋ belonged to 6 categories, among which there were 74 strains of Staphylococcus aureus with a proportion of 35.9 %; 47 strains of Haemolyticus staphylococci, of 22.8 %; 47 Staphylococcus epidermidis, of 22.8 %; 33 enterococci group, of 16.0 %; 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae, of 1.5 %; and 2 β-Streptococcus hemolyticus of 1.0%. Streptococcus pneumoniae and β-Streptococcus hemolyticus were sensitive to few of these 14 detected antibiotics. In the drug tolerance experiment, the antibiotics with a generally bad drug action were penicilin,gentamicin and oxacillin, with a respectively sensitivity rate of 16.52 %, 18.42 % and 21.07 %. Conclusion： The drug tolerance problem of the clinical pathogenic bacteria G^＋ is rather serious, and it is very important to choose and use antibiotics reasonably.