海南儋州甘蔗锈病病原菌的鉴定及其生物学特性的测定

Pathogen Identification and Biological Characteristics of Sugarcane Rust in Danzhou

根据症状和病原菌特征,确定海南儋州2007年新发现的甘蔗锈病是由黑顶柄锈菌(Puccinia melanocephala Sydow)引起的甘蔗褐锈病。该病菌夏孢子较适宜萌发的温度范围为18～250C,最适萌发的温度为25℃。在相对湿度90%～100%及水滴中,夏孢子都可以萌发,其中以水滴中的萌发率最高。夏孢子萌发较适宜的pH值范围是5.5～7.5,最适宜pH为7.1。黑暗和2%的葡萄糖液可促进夏孢子的萌发。在-15℃、10℃和35～38℃干燥的环境条件下,夏孢子很容易失活。室内干藏两周半后,约一半的夏孢子失活。

Based on the host symptoms, and the shape, size and color of the cause agent of sugarcane rust in the science and technology garden of Hainan University, the disease was identified as sugarcane brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala Sydow. The range of the more suitable temperature for the germination of the uredospores was 18-25℃, with the optimum 25℃. The range of relative humidity （RH） for the germination of the uredospore was over 90%. The range of pH for the germination of the uredospore was 5.5-7.5, with the optimum7.1. The condition under dark and 2% glucose solution had obvious effect on the germination of the uredospore. The survival period of the uredospore was short-lived at -15℃, 10℃ and 35-38℃ for dried diseased leaves. The half of percent uredospore for dried diseased leaves could not germinate after two weeks in laboratory.