植物维生素C过氧化物酶研究进展

Progress in Ascorbate Peroxidase of Plants

维生素C过氧化物酶(ascorbate peroxidase,APX)是植物体内的重要酶系,是植物AsA-GSH氧化还原途径的重要组分,是清除H_2O_2(特别是叶绿体中的H_2O_2)的关键酶。本文综述了维生素C过氧化物酶表达调控方面的研究进展,包括逆境(干旱胁迫、空气污染、微量元素缺乏、离子胁迫、过度光强、照射以及盐胁迫等)与APX的表达调控、植物细胞程序性死亡(PcD)与APX的表达调控、植物生长发育与APX的表达调控、植物进化与APX表达调控等。植物体内的APX基因包括基质和类囊体两类,不同的APX基因序列存在一定差异,本文还综述了这两类APX基因在植物方面的分离和克隆进展情况,同时对APX基因的遗传转化进行了简要回顾,最后指出了APX今后的研究方向。

Ascorbate peroxidase （APX） was one of the important enzymes in plants and was an important factor in AsA-GSH cycle to eliminate H2O2, especially in chloroplast. Progress of expression and regulation of APX in plant was reviewed in this paper, including adversity （drought stress, air pollution, lack of microelement, ion stress, excess light, UV radiation and salt stress）, programmed cell death （PCD）, development and evolution. There were two types of apx genes, one expressed in stoma, the other expressed in thylakoid, and there were some differences in sequence of these two apx genes. Isolation and clone of apx genes in plant were reviewed as well as the transformation. The tendency in the future was also pointed out.