自动控制实现两级混合床反应器处理垃圾渗滤液的短程硝化

Shortcut nitrification-denitrification for landfill leachate treatment with an automatic control two-stage hybrid reactor

采用两级混合床反应器（分别命名为HybridⅠ和HybridⅡ）,对垃圾渗滤液中的COD和氨氮去除进行了试验研究,混合床由颗粒悬浮载体和固定组合软性填料相结合.试验以反应器的DO、pH、ORP、SS等作为在线控制参数,研究了该反应器在固定温度（28-33℃）、不同进水负荷、DO和pH值下的运行效果,最后在Hybrid反应器的优化控制条件（DOHybridⅠ=（2.0±0.2）m.gL^-1,DOHybridⅡ=（1.5±0.2）mg.L^-1,pHHybridⅠ=8.0±0.2,pHHybridⅡ=8.5±0.2,周期进水量为50L）下,实现了COD的高效去除以及氨氮的短程硝化去除.垃圾渗滤液进水COD和氨氮分别为2300~5700m.gL^-1和580~1150m.gL^-1,两级混合床反应器工艺的COD和氨氮的去除率分别为93%和95%左右,总氮（TN）的去除率在82%以上.连续运行过程中HybridⅠ和HybridⅡ反应器的COD最大去除速率分别为1.91k.gm^-3.d^-1和0.75k.gm^-3.d^-1,氨氮亚硝化速率最大分别为0.54k.gm^-3.d^-1和0.33k.gm^-3.d^-1.运行结果表明,该工艺耐冲击负荷强,处理效果稳定.

Landfill leachate was treated in a two-stage hybrid reactor for removal of nitrogen and organic matter. The reactors, called Hybrid Ⅰ and Hybrid Ⅱ ,consisted of a suspended particle carrier and a fixed multiple flexible carrier. In the present study, dissolved oxygen （DO）, pH, oxidation reduction potential （ORP） and turbidity were used as on-line control parameters. Removal of organics and partial nitrification of ammonia was highly effective under the optimized control conditions of the two-stage hybrid reactor, DOHybridⅠ=（2.0±0.2）m.gL^-1,DOHybridⅡ=（1.5±0.2）mg.L^-1,pHHybridⅠ=8.0±0.2,pHHybridⅡ=8.5±0.2, periodic influent quantity = 50L. Some NO2^- -N was denitrified in the hybrid reactor at the same time as nitrification and most of the rest was removed in the denitrification reactor. The results showed that when the raw COD and NH4^＋ -N were 2300 - 5700 mg·L^-1 and 580 ~ 1150 mg·L^-1 , the removal rates were 93% and 96% , respectively. The maximum COD removal rates in Hybrid Ⅰ and Hybrid Ⅱ were 1.91 kg.m^-3, d^-1 and 0.75 kg.m^-3, d^-1 , respectively, and the NH4^＋-N removal rates in Hybrid Ⅰ and Hybrid Ⅱ were 0.54 kg·m^-3, d^-1 and 0.33 kg· m^- 3. d^-1 , respectively. Compared with a normal active sludge process, the two-stage hybrid process could take a higher loading and had greater impact resistance.