元朝的养老政策

TheOld-agePolicy of YuanDynasty

进入中原的蒙古统治者在接受儒学和借鉴历代封建王朝的统治策略后,一改草原游牧民族贵壮贱老的风俗,在元朝上下大力倡导尊老敬老养老的良好风尚,制定实施了多种救助和优待老人的政策和措施,如物质救助和赏赐、赋役减免、刑律优免、国家收养、官员养老和精神表彰等等,渗透着鲜明的阶级差异、民族差异和政治区位差异,反映了元朝封建等级制度的实质,其中民族等级差异是元朝的一大特色。

After accepting Confucianism and using the dominating tactics of other feudal dynasties, the Mongolian ruler initiated the good habit of respecting and support the old-age instead of the nomadic nationality＇s custom of thinking highly of the yang and look down upon the old. In order to help and give preferential treatment to the old, the Mongolian emperor formulated and carried out varied policies and measures such as giving and awarding the old-age material goods, reducing taxes and penalty, providing for the retired official, adopting and citing. The old-age policy of Yuan dynasty embodies the clear differences of class, nation and political place. They reflect the essence of feudal estate system in Yuan dynasty. The difference of class is the special one .