超高茬麦田套稻高产机理

High Yield Mechanism of Rice Interplanted with High Stubble Wheat

为明确超高茬麦田套稻的超高产机理，对徐稻3号10500kg／hm^2产量典型田块定点，研究其产量形成及生物学特性。结果表明，徐稻3号在超高茬麦田套播种植方式下，群体干物质积累前期少，中后期尤其是抽穗至成熟期干物质积累量达到10360．65kg／hm^2；稻麦共生21d小麦让茬时叶面积指数（LAI）0．10，孕穗期最大叶面积指数（LAI）为7．71，总叶片16～17叶；小麦让茬至6月底白根率达100．0％，拔节期降为25．0％，孕穗前回升至36．9％；徐稻3号套播全生育期158d；基本苗8．10×10^5，让茬后有15d左右的缓苗期。分蘖启动日为麦收后15d左右，有效分蘖终止于倒7叶期，苗蘖最高峰为1hm^26．06×10^6，成穗率58．9％，总颖花量1hm^2 4．75×10^8；平均株高96．2cm。

To find out the high yield mechanism of rice interplanted with high stubble wheat, yield formation and biological characteristics of Xudao 3 was studied. When interplanted with high stubble wheat, Xudao 3 accumulated little dry matter in early stage but much （ 10 360. 65 kg/hm^2） in late stage. Leaf area index（LAI） of Xudao 3 was 0. 1 on day 21 of interplanting on which wheat was reaped. Leaf number at booting stage was 16 or 17 ,whith LAImax being 7. 71. White root percentage was 100% from wheat reaping to late June but decreased to 25% at elongation and rose back to 36. 9% at booting stage. Tillering initiated 15 d after wheat reaping, and ended at the formation of 7th leaf from top, with maximum tiller number of 4. 04 × 10^5 in 1 hm^2 ,total spikelet of 4. 75 × 10^8 in 1 hm^2 ,and percentage of earbearing tiller of 58. 9%.