艾森豪威尔政府后期的国际收支困境与对策

On the international balance of payments dilemmas and the adjustment policy of late Eisenhower Administration

艾森豪威尔政府后期,美国的国际收支陷入困境,黄金大量外流。为了改善国际收支,维护美元垄断地位,巩固美国的全球霸权,艾森豪威尔政府提出了一系列增加国际收入、降低国际支出的措施,其中最关键的是艾森豪威尔总统于1960年11月16日颁布的总统指令,该指令提出了撤回驻外军事人员家属等改善美国国际收支的措施。但是,由于现实的国际政治经济因素的束缚,艾森豪威尔政府调节国际收支的努力效果不佳。

American international balance of payments was in serious deficit in the late Eisenhower Administration, which led to the outflow of gold in huge amount, In order to improve the position of balance of payments, defend the dollar and strength- en the hegemony of the United States, the government put forward a series of measures to increase international income and reduce expenditures abroad. The most important of which was Nov 16th executive directive made by president Eisenhower in 1960. But the efforts gained little because of the real international politics of economics.