国际法视角下知识产权与人权关系之探讨——以《TRIPS协定》为中心

On the Relationship between Intellectual Property Rights and Human Rights from the Perspective of International Law——Study with 《TRIPS Agreement》as its Center

从20世纪90年代开始,国际社会对土著人民权利的关注和《TRIPS协定》的实施使得"知识产权与人权关系"成为学术界讨论的热点问题。对国际人权条约相关条款的历史解释和文本解读表明,知识产权不是人权,而是人权实现的工具。作为国际法上的制度冲突的突出表现,对《TRIPS协定》与人权国际保护冲突的表现、原因及其解决途径的理论和实践分析,有助于促进缓解国际法碎片化问题的研究。除了能够对《TRIPS协定》的变革产生积极的推动作用以外,"知识产权与人权关系"研究对于国际法学的研究和发展都具有重要的意义。

Since 1990s, ＂the relationship between intellectual property rights and human rights＂ has become the hot issue of the current research because of the attention of the international society to the indigenous people＇ s rights and the implementation of 《TRIPS Agreement》. The historical explanation and the text deciphering of the related provisions of international human rights treaty show that, intellectual property rights are not human right, but the tools to realize human rights. As the outstanding expression of the conflict of institution in international law, the analysis of theory and practice on the expressions, reasons and approach of the conflicts between 《 TRIPS Agreement》 and international protection for human rights is helpful to promote the research on the resolution of the problem of the fragmentation of international law. Besides positive system reforms of 《TRIPS Agreement》, the research on ＂the relationship between intellectual property rights and human rights＂ has important meanings for the international law studies and the development of international law.