中国柄灰锤菌的资源分布、生态及地理特征研究

A Study on the Distribution and Ecology of Stalk Puffballin in China

在对中国柄灰锤菌资源系统考察的基础上,对已知的20种柄灰锤菌的分布、生态适应性和地理特征进行了分析与研究。20种柄灰锤菌中,其中包括6个新种,分属于柄灰包科Tulostomataceae的灰锤属Tulostoma和裂顶灰锤属Schizostoma。属于灰锤属的是短柄灰锤、沙漠灰锤和贺兰灰锤。属于裂顶灰锤的是百灵庙裂顶灰锤、乌兰布和裂顶灰锤和磴口裂顶灰锤。本文依据柄灰锤菌对不同生态环境的适应性,将其分为3种类型,即沙漠耐旱类型、草地旱中生类型和林地中生类型,并通过对它们的分布规律及地理特征的研究,有助于对中国柄灰锤菌的起源、发育及生理特性的了解。

In this paper,the resources distributions,ecological types and geographical features of twenty species of the family Tulostomataceae collected in China are described on what we have already achieved from a systematic investigation for many years.Among them,there are six new species which are named respectively Tulostoma brevistipitatum sp.nov.,T.sabulosum sp.nov.,T.helanshanense sp.nov.,Scuizostoma bailingmiaoense sp.nov.,S.ulanbuhense sp.nov.and S.dengkouense sp.nov..We classify the twenty species of the family Tulostomataceae in China into three types according to their ecological adaptability,i.e.drought enduring type in desert,xeric type in grassland and mesic type in woods.In addition,the sdudies both on their resources distributions and theis geographical features are conducive to a better understanding about their origin,development and physiological characteristics.