范畴与现象的桥梁——康德的图式论述析

Bridge in between Category and Phenomenon——Analyses on Kant's Schema

康德通过图式论(schem a)试图建立起范畴与现象之间的一种内在"机制"。作为范畴与感性直观之中介的"第三者",图式必须同时与二者处于同质状态。纯粹知性概念能被运用的感性条件乃是时间,这是图式论的核心问题。时间在康德哲学里是一种内在的感性形式,范畴运用于现象是通过时间先验的规定,知性概念的图式以时间为共相的感性形式,这使得范畴统摄现象,现象归摄于范畴。

Kant tried to establish an inner ＂mechanism＂ between category and phenomenon through schema. As a ＂third party＂ media between category and perceptual intuition,schema must keep a status of same quality with both of them. The perceptual requirement of the application of pure rational concept is time,which is also the core of schema. Time is an inner perceptual form in Kant＇s philosophy. Applied category to phenomenon has to pass the transcendental demand of time,while schema of rational concept has a perceptual form of time,which led to the result of category governing phenomenon while phenomenon belonging to category.