泌尿外科监护病房医院感染原因分析及护理对策

Causative analysis of hospital infection of care unit in urinary surgery department and nursing strategies for them

[目的]分析泌尿外科监护病房医院感染发生情况,并提出相应护理对策。[方法]回顾性分析泌尿外科监护病房收治的299例病人资料,总结医院感染发生情况,并对病原菌细菌培养结果进行分析。[结果]发生医院感染51例(57例次),下呼吸道21例次,上呼吸道13例次,泌尿道8例次,切口感染8例次,胃肠道4例次,口腔3例次;获得病原学阳性标本21例,其中大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌是下呼吸道感染的主要病原菌,泌尿道感染主要为大肠杆菌。[结论]重症监护病人为医院感染的高危人群,加强从病人、外界环境和病原体3个中心环节进行预防与控制是监护病房医院感染防控的关键。

Objective： To analyze the occurrence of hospital infection of patients in care unit of urinary surgery department, and to put forward some corresponding nursing strategies. Methods： Data of totally 299 patients in care unit of urinary surgery department were analyzed retrospectively. The occurrence of hospital infection among them was summarized. And results of bacterial culture of all cases have been analyzed. Results： Totally 51 patients of 57 cases occurred hospital infection, including 21 cases of lower respiratory tract infection, 13 cases of upper respiratory tract infection,8 cases of urinary tract infection, 8 cases of incision infection, 4 cases of gastrointestinal infection and 3 cases of oral cavity infection. And 21 pieces of etiologic positive specimen were acquired, among them colibacillus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the main pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection children. However, main pathogenic bacteria of uri- nary tract infection cases were colibacillus. Conclusion： Patients ofintensive care are high risk group of hospital infection. And the key points for prevention and control of hospital infection in care unit patients are to strengthen both prevention and control from three central links including patients, outside environment and pathogen.