奶牛流产胎儿及阴道分泌物病原菌的检测和药物敏感性分析

Detection and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria in aborted fetus and vaginal secretion of cow

调查北京地区7个奶牛场奶牛流产的发病原因,采集流产胎儿及恶露不尽母牛的阴道分泌物进行细菌分离鉴定、致病性及中西药的药敏试验,并测定中药的MIC和MBC。共分离出9种42株细菌,其中金黄色葡萄球菌11株、腐生葡萄球菌6株、表皮葡萄球菌2株、变形菌属5株、克雷伯氏菌属3株、埃希氏菌属2株、蜡样菌属3株、黏液奈瑟氏菌属4株、浅黄奈瑟氏菌属2株、其他未鉴定出种属的菌4株;其中,葡萄球菌占45.2%、杆菌占23.8%、其他革兰氏阴性菌占31.0%。通过致病性试验,有28株为致病菌。对其中几种分离菌进行了25种常用抗生素、7种中药及一个复方的体外抑菌试验,结果表明,这些菌对多数抗生素有耐药性,如青霉素和链霉素,大多数革兰氏阴性菌对喹诺酮类药物比较敏感,头孢菌素类药物则对革兰氏阳性菌有较好的抑制效果,中药金银花和瓜蒌对这些菌的体外抑菌作用较好。

The abortion causes of cow were investigated in 7 dairy farms of Beijing. Forty - two strains of bacteria were isolated from the abolted fetus and vaginal secretion of cow. The identification results indicated 19 strains of staphylococci （45.2%） , 10 strains of bacilli （23.8%） and 13 strains of other gram-negative bacteria （31.0%） , and 28 strains had the pathogenicity for mice. Antibacterial effects of 25 kinds of common antibiotics, 7 kinds of Chinese Herb Medicines and a compound agent on six pathogenic bacteria were investigated by detecting their MIC and MBC. The results showed that the pathogens had resistance to some kinds of antibiotics to different degrees, such as peni cillin and streptomycin, while manifested a fairly good sensitivity to Quinolones and Cefalosporins. Flos lonicerae and Fructus trichosanthis were highly sensitive against the six pathogenic bacteria.