一种神经源性膀胱排尿报警装置的设计

MICTURITION ALERT DEVICE DEDICATED TO NEUROGENIC BLADDERS

目的介绍一种神经源性膀胱排尿报警装置的设计及其工作原理。方法根据指南针原理设计神经源性膀胱排尿报警装置,通过动物实验对该装置的有效性进行验证。结果神经源性膀胱排尿报警装置由固定在膀胱前壁的永磁铁和固定在下腹壁的报警仪组成,报警仪由指南针开关、电源、蜂鸣器和电源开关组成。膀胱容量的变化导致永磁铁位置变化,永磁铁位置变化导致报警仪所在点的磁场变化,磁场变化可通过具有指南针功能的报警仪来检测。犬的膀胱从初始状态被充盈到200mL,永磁铁上移距离为31.3～34.1mm,平均32.8mm,报警仪指针旋转47～57°,平均52°,膀胱容量与报警仪指针位置具有一一对应关系,两者成正相关(r=1.0,P<0.01)。当膀胱充盈量预设为150mL时,使报警仪开始报警的膀胱实际充盈量为135～160mL,平均147.6mL,误差<15mL(10%)。结论由报警仪和永磁铁构成的神经源性膀胱排尿报警装置能够达到持续监测膀胱容量和报警排尿的目的,并具有结构简单、易生产制造、价格便宜、使用方便等优点,值得进一步研究。

Objective To introduce a micturition alert device dedicated to neurogenic bladders. Methods The design and mechanism of the micturition alert device were explained, the effectiveness was tested in a cranine experiment. Results The micturition alert device consisted of a permanent magnet sutured on the anterior bladder wall and a warning unit sutured on the inferior abdominal wall. The warning unit was assembled with a compass-like switch, a power supply, a buzzer and a power switch. Bladder volume determined the position of the magnet which determined the magnetic field at the point of the warning unit. The change of magnetic field was read by the warning unit. With increasing bladder volume from initial state to 200 mL in 8 dogs, the magnet moved cranially 32.8 mm averagely （from 31.3 mm to 34.1 mm） and the hand of warning unit turned 52° （from 47° to 57°）. The value of the warning unit was correlated positively to the bladder volume （r = 1.0, P 〈 0.01 ）. If the desired bladder volume was determined as 150 mL to activate the warning unit to alarm in advance, the fullness of bladder was 147.6 mL averagely from 135 mL to 160 mL, with an error less than 15 mL （10%）. Condusion The micturition alert device including a warning unit and permanent magnet could monitor bladder volume continuously and alarm in time for the patients with loss of micturition desire. It is simple, easily-made, cheap and conveniently used. It is worth of further study.