论清代中叶巴黎外方传教会对四川天主教徒的管理和改造

Management and Reformation from Missions étrangères de Paris on Sichuan Catholicism in Middle Qing

清代中叶是四川天主教会发展的重要阶段。负责四川教务的巴黎外方传教会强调造就耶稣的忠实信徒,通过神父和会长对教徒进行双层监管,要求教徒遵守中国礼仪禁令,向教徒灌输宗教思想,并在一定程度上约束教徒的经济行为。这些措施一方面有利于坚定教徒的宗教信仰,增加教会的凝聚力和促进教会发展;另一方面其明显的保守和内敛特征实际上是意图割断教徒与教外群众的政治、文化和经济联系,从而造成民教分离。

The time of Middle Qing was an important stage for the development of Sichuan Catholic church. Missions étrangères de Paris that was in charge of the religious affairs of Sichuan highlighted to be faithful followers of Jesus, required followers to observe Chinese rite prohibitions, instilled religious thought into the followers, and to a certain extent restrained the economic behavior of the followers through the double management from the Father and the Elder. These measures benefited to strengthen the religious faith of the followers and reinforced their unification on the one hand, and the follower was isolated from the outside in political, cultural and economic relation on the other hand.