幼儿社会技能问卷的初步编制及信效度检验

The Development of Preschooler's Social Skill Scale

目的:初步编制幼儿社会技能问卷(preschooler's social skills scale,PSSS),并检验其信度、效度。方法:在访谈的基础上形成有48个项目的初测问卷。对来自153名幼儿的初测问卷结果进行探索性因素分析,得到22个条目的正式问卷。对303名幼儿正式施测后的问卷结果进行验证性因素分析。结果:探索性因素分析显示22个条目的幼儿社会技能问卷包括主动技能和自控技能两个因子,可解释总方差的46.68%,因子载荷范围在0.517-0.754之间;验证性因素分析支持两因素模型,其χ2/df=2.85;NFI=0.94;IFI=0.96;CFI=0.96;RMSEA=0.079。问卷的内部一致性信度(r=0.89-0.92)、重测信度(r=0.88)均符合测量学的要求。结论:社会技能问卷具有良好的信度和效度,可作为评价幼儿社会技能水平的初步工具。

Objective： To develop a preschooler＇s social skills scale available for teachers. Methods： The primary scale made by the author was applied to 153 preschoolers for exploratory factor analysis, and then to 303 preschoolers for confirmatory factor analysis. Results： After exploratory factor analysis, a questionnaire consisted 22 items was established including two factors： initiative skills and self-control skills. These two factors could explain 46. 68% of the total variance, and were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis （Х^2/df=2. 85 ; NFI =0. 94; IFI = 0. 96 ; CFI = 0. 96; RMSEA = 0. 079 ） . The internal consistency of the scale was good （ r = 0. 89 - 0. 92 ） , the testretest reliability was 0. 88. Conclusion： The PSSS has sound validity and reliability and can be used as an effective and reliable tool for assessing preschooler＇s social skills.