地震数据去噪中的小波方法

Wavelet transform methods in seismic data noise attenuation

地震资料去噪是地震数据处理中是必不可少的步骤,随着地震勘探的进步和勘探目的层加深,对地震资料的信噪比和分辨率提出了越来越高的要求.小波分析作为一个新兴的数学方法在地震资料去噪中也有巨大的潜力.本文从小波去噪的特点出发,介绍了小波分频和小波域阈值去噪的特点,并详细总结了地震资料去噪中的小波方法,主要有面波的压制和随机噪声的衰减.最后简要叙述了地震资料小波去噪的一些问题和发展.

Noise attenuation is an essential step for seismic data processing. With the seismic exploration progress and the increase of objective stratum depth, it is forward demanded to enhance the seismic data S/N rate and resolution. As a new mathematical method, wavelet transform have more advantage in seismic noise elimination. In this paper, we firstly introduce the characteristics of wavelet transform used for noise elimination, and then detailedly summarize the wavelet method in seismic noise elimination, mainly included surfer wave suppression and random noise attenuation; lastly, we talk briefly about the problem and development trend of wavelet de-noising in seismic data.