纳米管温度计

Nanotube thermometer

本文讨论了Ga／in填充纳米碳管和纳米氧化物管温度计的研制、发现、发展及前詈，概述了纳米碳管温度计（测量范围为50℃～500℃）的特征、温度记录方法及In作为纳米温度计内工作物质的可能性。通过对填充Ga所具有的特殊凝固和熔化特征的回顾，阐述了Ga填充纳米碳管作为低温纳米温度计（0℃～69℃）及Ga填充纳米MgO管作为高温纳米温度计（高于700℃）的可行性。最后，讲述了采用测量Ga填充纳米碳管的电阻来标定温度的方法及如何解决纳米温度计在实际应用中存在的问题。

Here, we reviewed the discovery, development and prospects of carbon/oxide nanotube thermometer containing Ga/In. We summarized the characteristic of carbon nanothermometer （measuring range 50℃ - 500℃ ）, thermodynamic analysis on the changeless expansion characteristic of Ga in carbon nanotubes comparing to that of Ga in macroscopic state, possibility of In as working material and the temperature recording method in a carbon nanothermometer. We also shown possibility of the Ga-filled CNT as low temperature nanothermometer （0℃ - 69℃ ） by reviewing the unusual freezing and melting of Ga-filling. We demonstrated the properties of high temperature nanothermometer （up to 700℃ ） of Ga-filled MgO nanotubes. At last, we shown another route to determine temperature by measuring the resistance of Ga-filled carbon nanotubes, and predicted the problems and how to overcome the problems existing in the realization of an actual application of nanothermometer.