生态女性主义对机械论自然观的伦理反思与批判

Ethical Reflection and Criticism of Mechanical View of Nature:An Ecofeminist Perspective

机械论自然观认为人与自然是分离的和对立的,自然界没有价值,只有人才有价值,发展了人类中心主义的价值观,这就为人类无限制地开发、掠夺和操纵自然提供了伦理基础;在西方文化中,自然和女性之间存在着某种历史性的、象征性的政治关系,因而当自然被工具化、遭受迫害的同时,女性也未能幸免,同样遭受着人格丑化和迫害。生态女性主义从人性、价值和公正的伦理视角对机械论自然观进行了反思与批判。

The mechanical view of nature holds that human and nature are separated and opposite. Compared with nature, which is valueless, human, and only human is valuable. By developing the anthropocentric values, it equips human＇s unrestrained exploitation, plunder, manipulation of nature with an ethical basis. In western culture, nature and women have some historical and symbolistic political relations. Therefore, as nature goes instrumentally and suffers from damages, women will be vilified and persecuted as well. Ecofeminism ethically reflects and criticizes the mechanical view of nature from the respects of humanity, values and equity.