打顶对北柴胡皂苷类成分季节积累规律的研究

Effects of Topping Technology on the Accumulation of Glycosides from Bupleurum chinense

目的以总皂苷、柴胡皂苷a、c、d等多种成份为指标,确定柴胡的最佳采收期。方法采用HPLC法及分光光度法测定柴胡不同生长期的含量,并与植株的外观形态结合。结果不打顶柴胡从花期后不断上升,在绿果期的总皂苷含量最高,果实开始变为褐色时,总皂苷含量最低,大部分种子变为褐色时又略有升高;打顶柴胡总皂苷从花期后不断下降,在果实大部分变为褐色时含量又急剧升高,而后下降。柴胡不打顶和打顶对皂苷a、d的积累规律影响较小,柴胡皂苷a、d在花期含量最高,果实开始变为褐色时,含量达最低值,随种子的进一步成熟,皂苷a、d又略有升高。柴胡皂苷c含量在各个时期基本保持稳定。结论不打顶柴胡在8月末偶见个别果实变为黄色时,而打顶柴胡在9月中旬多数种子变为褐色时采收最佳。

Objective To study accumulation change rule of Glycosides and determine the best time for harvesting of Bupleurum chinense. Methods HPLC method was used to determine the contents of 4 kinds of isoflavone in the samples collectted at different times. Results By topping one, the contents of total glycosides dropped continuous after flowering period, it had increased rapidly most of fruit in color terned brown, then its content had decreased again;while un-fopping one, that of glycosides was becoming more and more high,it had the highest glycosides content in green ripe stage, the lowest was in the fruit brown when primary, and slight higher when most fruit become brown. Conclusion For the un-topping one, the best period was at the end of 6-month when a few fruits changes to yellow occasionally ; for the topping one, the best period was in mid-september when most of the fruits in color turned brown.