神经外科重症监护病房医院感染调查及护理对策

Investigation of nosocomial infection and nursing strategies in Neurointensive Care Unit

目的:了解神经外科重症监护病房患者医院感染发生情况及危险因素,提出医院感染护理预防措施。方法:回顾性分析神经外科重症监护病房1511例住院患者临床资料。结果:医院感染发生率为19.1%(289/1511),60岁以上患者感染率最高,达30.3%。总感染例次为917次,其中肺部感染例次构成比最高50.7%(465/917),>28d置管患者的感染率为100%。结论:神经外科重症监护病房医院感染发生率高,应加强护理预防,包括护理管理、规范洗手、以及对呼吸,泌尿系统等护理干预才能降低医院感染率。

Objective To study the incidence and risk factors of nosocomial infections in Neurointensive Care Unit（NICU）, and to propose the preventive methods in nursing care. Methods One thousand five hundred and eleven inpatients were observed. Results The incidence of nosocomial infections was 19. 1% （289/1511）, maximal to 30.3% in patients over 60 years old, Total infection frequencies of cases were 917. The pulmonary infection had the highest frequency up to 50.7 % （465/917）, the incidence of incatheterized patients over 28 days was 100%, Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial infections in NICU is so high that nursing care including nursing management, medical hand-washing and nursing intervention of respiratory and urinary systems are of utmost important.