住院新生儿医院感染分析及其防治

Clinical Distribution and Preventive Measures of Nosocomial Infections in New Born Wards

目的了解新生儿患者医院感染相关因素，以制定有效控制措施，减少医院感染的发生。方法采用回顾性调查的方法，对本院新生儿住院患者医院感染相关因素进行分析。结果医院感染部位前三位的是胃肠道感染、呼吸道感染和皮肤感染，其中以胃肠道感染为主，构成比为57，60％。细菌分布以革兰阴性杆菌为主；医院感染率由2001年10月的7．60％开始，逐渐下降至2006年9月的2．45％，线性回归方程为y=358．161-0．466x，r=-0.875（P=0.01），差异系高度显著负相关。结论本院新生儿住院患者医院感染以胃肠道和呼吸道感染多见，医务人员应严格无菌操作，合理使用抗生素，加强医疗护理，有效地控制医院感染的发生。

Objective To supervise the correlation factors of nosocomial infections in neonatal patients so as to take effective control measures to reduce the infection occurrence. Methods A retrospective investigation was undertaken to analyze the factors associated with hospital infections in neonatal inpatients. Results The first three places of hospital infection sites were gastrointestinal, respiratory and skin infection in succession, with a constituent ratio of 57.60%. Gram-negative bacilli were predominant in bacterial distribution, The hospital infection rate was gradually decreased from 7,61% in October 2001 to 2.45% in September 2006, linear regression equation was given as y=358.161 -0.466x, r=-0.875, P=0.01, with a significant inverse correlation difference. Conclusion Gastrointestinal and respiratory infections are seen frequently in hospital infections of neonatal inpatients in our hospital, and the medical staff should strictly follow aseptic technique, rationally use antibiotics, and streng then medical treatment and nursing care to effectively control the occurrence of the nosocomial infections.