京杭大运河的完全价值观

Recognition of the Holistic Values of The Grand Canal

从理论和现实背景出发,提出对京杭大运河价值的初步认识:京杭大运河具有四大基本价值:(1)作为文化遗产的价值,起到彰显民族身份和促进文化认同的作用;(2)作为区域城乡生产与生活的重要保障,具有输水、航运和灌溉等现实功能的价值;(3)作为区域生态基础设施的价值,是保障国土生态安全的关键性格局;(4)运河还具有作为潜在的休闲通道的价值,是国民身心再生和教育的战略性资源。强调只有用完全的价值观充分认识运河廊道,并处理好现实的功能需要与这些价值间的相互关系,才能保护和利用好运河遗产及其相关资源,使之在当代发挥应有的作用。在此基础上提出以建设遗产廊道的方式、结合南水北调和东部生态安全格局及中国南北生态休闲廊道的建设,将保护与利用京杭大运河作为国家战略。当务之急是:(1)应用"反规划"理念进行运河的整体保护规划;(2)展开资源摸底,全面掌握大运河遗产廊道资源情况;(3)制定整体性的管理和发展战略;(4)以申报世界遗产南水北调工程为契机,建立大运河区域间协作机制。任何单一的价值观(如从单一的输水功能考虑)和单一的工程措施,都将给中国大地上这一独特的文化景观和与之相联系的历史文化、生态及社会经济系统带来不可挽回的遗憾。

From a theoretical and practical point of view, a new value system of the Grand Canal, including four fundamental points, is defined： （1） the value of cultural heritage, as an entity of national identity; （2） the value for it＇s realistic function, as a life line in the region＇s daily life, both in city and in country, including water transferring, navigation, and irrigation; （3） the value of being regional ecological infrastructure, as a key security pattern for the ecological health of the national land; and （4） the value of being a potential recreational corridor, as a strategic resource of recreation and education. For the need of the conservation and development, the values of the Grand Canal heritage should be thoroughly studied and appropriately planned. Based on the foregoing discussion, a strategy for development and conservation of the Grand Canal is represented： to establish a national heritage corridor, a security pattern, and an ecological and recreational corridor along the Canal combined with the South-North Water Transferring project. The following should be done in advance： （1） the conservation plan of the Canal, by using the ＂negative planning＂ theory; （2） the inventory of the resources; （3） an integrated management plan; and （4） a collaborative mechanism among the regions in world heritage application and in the project of the South-North Water Transferring.