黔西南高砷煤开发现状与污染调查

High Arsenic Coalmine Exploitation Status Quo and Pollution Survey in Southwestern Guizhou Province

贵州省黔西南州的兴仁县是典型的高砷煤矿区,经化验,该区煤中砷含量普遍偏高,最大可达21 000mg/kg,为Ⅱ型的高砷矿区;水体和土壤砷含量亦高,土壤中砷的最高含量为234.141mg/kg,最低含量5.279mg/kg,平均值37.735mg/kg;水中砷的含量相对较低,最高含量为0.004 3mg/L,平均值为0.000 5mg/L;河流沉积物中砷的最高含量为219.140mg/kg,最低值为20.676mg/kg,平均值为60.700mg/kg。分析认为土壤中砷与受矿业活动影响的灌溉水体有关,矿业开采已造成了当地水环境、土壤环境、大气环境的严重污染。

Xingren County in Bouyei-Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Qianxinan is a high arsenic coal mining area. From chemical examinations, the arsenic content in coal in the area is generally on the high side, maximum can be 21000mg/kg as high and belongs to type Ⅱ high arsenic mining area; arsenic contents in water and soil are also high, maximum content in soil is 234.141mg/ kg, minimum 5,279mg/kg, average 37,735mg/kg： arsenic content in water is relatively lower, maximum is 0,0043mg/l, average 0,0005mg/l; maximum arsenic content in fluvial sediment is 219.140mg/kg, minimum 20.676mg/kg, average 60.700mg/kg. From the analyses, we considered that the high arsenic content in soil must have something to do with irrigation water affected by mining actions, thus the coal mining has already brought about severe pollution to local water, soil and atmospheric environments.