降氮灵菌剂对水葫芦生长影响的初步研究

A preliminary study on the effect of nitrogen-degrading microbes on the growth of water hyacinth

利用硝化细菌与反硝化细菌对水体中亚硝酸盐、有机氮、磷等营养物质的消除作用来分析降氮灵菌剂对水葫芦生长的生物学特性、水体中氮磷含量变化以及水体中微生物消长动态的影响。结果表明,水葫芦在水体中的氮降低到2 mg.L-1以下,磷降低到3 mg.L-1以下时就会丧失对这些营养物质的吸收能力。氮、磷是限制水葫芦等浮游植物生长的最主要因素,投放降氮灵微生物菌剂可以有效地降低水体中的氮、磷含量。0.75g.L-1的降氮灵可以使水体中的硝化和反硝化细菌大量增加,降低水中水葫芦生长所需的氮、磷含量,投放后期水葫芦出现生长变慢,植株矮小,叶片变黄等形态特征。

Effects of nitrogen-degrading microbes on biological characteristics of the growth of water hyacinth, the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in water, and the dynamic change of microorganism in water were analysed by the elimination of nitrite, organic nitrogen and phosphor in water by nitrobacteria and denitrobacteria. Experimental results showed that water hyacinth would lose the absorbency to nutrition in water when the concentration of nitrogen and phosphor were below 2 mg · L^-1 and 3 mg · L^-1 respectively. Nitrogen and phosphor were the most important factors to restrict the growth of water hyacinth. The contents of nitrogen and phosphor in water could be reduced effectively by the addition nitrogen-decressing microbes into water. When 15 g nitrogen-degrading microbes were added to 2 L water, the growth of water hyacinth slowed , the plant downed-sized and the leaf turned yellow.