2种百里香的植物学性状和精油成分的比较

Comparison on Botanical Characters and Composition of Essential Oil of Two Varieties of Thyme

研究对上海地区引种成功的2种百里香,普通百里香(Thymus vulgaris)和匍匐百里香(Thymus serpyllum)的植物学性状和精油成分进行了分析比较。结果表明:2种百里香的植物学性状,如外形、花色等差异显著。精油含有率普通百里香高于匍匐百里香(鲜重),分别为3.5 mL·kg^(-1)和0.6 mL·kg^(-1),其主要精油成分普通百里香为百里香酚44.51%、对伞花烃23.66%,匍匐百里香为百里香酚30.32%、龙脑16.55%等。研究将为上海地区2种百里香的开发利用提供依据。

The botanical characters and the compositions of essential oil from two varieties of thyme （Thymus vulgaris, Thymus serpyllum） were analyzed and compared. The results showed that there was significant botanical character difference among the two varieties of thyme; the content of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris was higher than that of Thymus serpyUum, with 3.5 mL·kg^-1 and 0.6 mL-kg^-1 respectively. Thymol, p-cymene were the main compositions of essential oil from Thymus vulgaris, with 44.51% and 23.66% respectively, and the major components of essential oil of Thymus serpyUum were thymol and borneol, accounting for 30.32% and 16.55% respectively. The study will provide proofs for the development and utilization of the two varieties of thyme in Shanghai.