水科学定量研究新思路：能值理论与方法

A Quantitative Analysis Method in Water Sciences Research: Emergy Theory and Method

定量分析水资源与生态环境、社会经济系统之间的互作关系是水资源可持续利用研究的难点之一.将能值理论与方法引入水科学相关研究领域,论述了能值理论与方法的产生背景与过程、基本概念与原理、研究方法与步骤;在总结国外部分案例的基础上,从水资源与环境价值评估、水资源生态经济系统定量分析、水资源合理配置、水利建设项目生态经济综合评价4个方面,对该理论的应用研究思路与方法进行了探讨和展望;并以大坝建设环境影响评价为例,介绍了能值分析的基本方法和步骤以及能值指标的计算和分析.

The sustainable utilization and management of water resources is the basic method to solve the water problems. But there are some difficulties in the quantitative analysis of the interactions among the water resources, the ecological environment and the socioeconomic system. Emergy theory and method is introduced into the research fields of water sciences. Its background and developing process, fundamental concepts, method and steps are discussed. After the reviews of some foreign cases, the basic thoughts and approaches of its application study are analyzed from the four aspects, which are water resources evaluation, quantitative ana va ysis of water resources ecological-economic system, water resources rational allocation, comprehensive euation of water conservancy construction projects. Then, taking the environmental impact assessment of dam construction for example, the basic method and steps of emergy analysis and the calculation of emergy indices are explained in detail.