千岛湖地区不同森林类型枯落物水文功能研究

Comparative Study on Hydrological Function of Different Forest Types around Qiandao Lake

通过对千岛湖库区富溪林场针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林、毛竹林、灌木林、新造林、马尾松林、杉木林7种林分林下枯落物层的厚度、储量及其持水特性的研究,揭示了该区不同森林类型林下枯落物层的水文生态功能。在实验室进行持水试验得出各种林分最大含水量大小顺序是:灌木林>阔叶林>混交林>新造林>杉木林>毛竹>马尾松;前30 min内林地枯落物持水作用最强,其吸水速率顺序为:混交林>毛竹林>灌木林>阔叶林>杉木林>新造林>马尾松林;各林分枯落物有效拦蓄量大小顺序为:混交林>阔叶林>杉木林>灌木林>毛竹林>新造林>马尾松林;从水文效应各项指标来比较,阔叶林水文生态效应最好,马尾松林最差。

Investigations were carried out on thickness, storage and water holding capacity of seven types of forest litter layer at Fuxi Forest Farm around Qiandao Lake, Zhejiang province. Laboratory test on the maximum water holding capacity of various stands resulted that the order wao： shrubbery〉broadleaf forest〉mixed forest〉new plantation〉Chinese fir forest 〉bamboo forest 〉Pinus massoniana forest, water absorption rate order at the first 30 minutes was： mixed forest〉bamboo forest 〉 shrubbery〉broadleaf forest〉Chinese fir forest〉new plantafion〉P. massoniana forest, and the order of effective water retention was： mixed forest〉broadleaf forest〉Chinese fir forest〉shrubbery〉 bamboo forest 〉economic forest〉P. massoniana forest. Comparative analysis showed that broadleaf forest had the best hydrological and ecological effect, the last was P. massoniana forest.