内蒙古典型草原区10年害鼠数量动态及控制研究

Rodent Population Dynamics and Control on Inner Mongolia Steppe for Ten Years

目的：连续10年调查内蒙古正镶白旗典型草原区鼠的组成及数量动态，提出持续控制草原鼠害的措施。方法：为直线夹日法。结果：共捕获7种鼠，布氏四鼠是优势种，属群居性种类，种群数量变幅大，其数量最高峰在1987年，平均捕获率高达55％，1988～1989年却骤然下降，1987年是1989年的36．6倍，经历了“低谷－上升－高峰－下降－低谷”阶段，且低谷期较长，其它各期均为两年，在“上升”和“高峰”期及“下降”的第一年对草原能造成危害。其它鼠种数量变动波幅小，10年中从未对草场造成危害。结论：控制草原鼠害是长期性工作，需要经常作到合理利用、治理和建设草原，保持旺盛的生产力，防止草原退化，不给鼠类造成适宜的生存环境；长期坚持鼠情监测，观测鼠类群落演替情况，定期发布《鼠情报告》，在害鼠数量“上升”期主动采取防制措施，可实现对草原鼠害的持续控制。

The studies were carried out on Zhengxiangbai County steppe of Inner Mongoliaduring 1987- 1996. There are seven species of rodents on the grassland. The dominant species isbrandt's vole (Microtus brandti) which is a kind of social rodent and its population dynamics has awide amplitude. Its population density reached the highest level (mean capture rate was 55%) in1987,but decreased rapidly in 1988 and 1989. The capture rate of 1987 was 36. 6 times as much asthat of 1989. The brandt's vole population number underwent a cycle of 'steady-increase-peakdecrease- steady' during the ten years. Its damage to pasture taked place on the stages of'increase','peak' and the first year of 'decrease'. On the contrary,the other rodent species had anarrow amplitude of population number and have never damaged the pasture during the ten years.According to the rodent community composition and populaton dynamics,sustained control measures of rodent pests was putforward in this paper.