卒中单元对卒中患者二级预防依从性的影响

Effects of Stroke Unit on the Compliance of Secondary Prevention in Patients with Stroke

目的：探讨卒中单元对卒中患者卒中发病后1年时二级预防依从性的影响。方法：采用回顾性研究设计，研究对象为在卒中单元（500例）和普通病房（445例）接受治疗的卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作患者。卒中单元组通过到院随访、电话随访或人户随访1年，普通病房组通过电话随访1年。观察指标为：抗栓药物的使用率、戒烟人数比率、卒中早期症状知晓率和患者自身卒中危险因素知晓率。结果：（1）卒中单元组抗栓药物使用率为92．76％，显著高于普通病房组的51．49％（P〈0．01）；（2）卒中单元组戒烟人数比率、卒中早期症状知晓率和自身危险因素知晓率分别为82．33％、91．04％和94．03％，显著高于普通病房组的54．75％、65．53％和70．37％（P均〈0．01）。结论：卒中单元重视卒中的二级预防和强调规范化治疗，显著提高卒中患者二级预防的依从性。

Objective： To investigate the impact of stroke unit （SU） on the compliance of secondary prevention in patients with stroke at 12 months after stroke. Methods： Research subjects were stroke patients who were treated in SU （n = 500） and in general ward （GW） （n = 445） using a design of retrospective study. The patients in the SU group were followed up by hospital, telephone and home interviews for 12 months, and the patients in the GW group were followed up by telephone interview for 12 months. The main outcome measures were the rate of using antithrombotics, the rate of smoking cessation, and the rates of awareness of early stroke symptom and stroke risk factors of patients. Results： he rate of using antithrombotics was 92.76% in the SU group, and it was significantly higher than 51.49% in the GW group （P 〈 0.01）; the rate of smoking cessation, and the rates of awareness of early stroke symptom and stroke risk factors of patients were 82.33%, 91.04%, and 94.03% respectively in the SU group, and they were significantly higher than 54.75%, 6.53%, and 70.37% in the GW group （P all 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions： SU attaches importance to the secondary stroke prevention and emphasizes standardized treatment, and the compliance of the secondary stroke prevention in patient with stroke is improved significantly.